Emotional contagion elaine hatfield, cacioppo hatfield. Emotional contagion in organizational life sciencedirect. While the bulk of the research on emotional contagion has focused on oneonone conversations and formal presentations, one researcher, dr. Similar levels of emotional contagion in male and female rats. Feed, posts that contained emotional content of the relevant emotional valence, each emotional post had between a 10% and significance we show, via a massive n 689,003 experiment on facebook, that emotional states can be transferred to others via emotional contagion, leading people to experience the same emotions without their awareness. Emotional contagion is the phenomenon of having one persons emotions and related behaviors directly trigger similar emotions and behaviors in other people. Emotional contagion is stronger between individuals in established groups, such as in workplaces, where shared feelings can shape team culture. Group emotional contagion, the transfer of moods among people in a group, and its influence on work group dynamics was examined in a laboratory study of managerial decision making using multiple, c. When people are in a certain mood, whether elation or depression, that mood is often communicated to others. Emotional contagion is the result of our own and others interpretations of thoughts and feelings.
In addition to individual differences regarding trust and emotional contagion, there is a second category of personality styles and personality disorders relating to emotional autonomy. Emotional contagion is a term that describes the fact that we take on the moods and attitudes of those around us. Emotional contagion is the phenomenon that individuals tend to express and feel emotions that are similar to those of others. Whereas a dyadic interaction can produce emotional contagion directly, forwarding existing information to another person also. The result is expressed via mimicry and facial expressions. A positive team culture has been found to be a common feature of highperforming teams, with individuals demonstrating better attitudes and work performance.
Access to society journal content varies across our titles. Imagine that you made plans with a friend but they need to cancel and perhaps you didnt want to go in the first place. In this paper, we perform a battery of experiments to explore the existence of agenthuman emotional contagion. Emotional contagion and its influence on group behavior, i find that emotional contagion is a. The negative emotions i caught temporarily overwhelmed my capacity to. The studies tested hypotheses on differential contagion effects due to the. Found that emotional contagion exists at the work group level, and showed the influence of four different types of emotions on group processes including cooperation, conflict, and negotiation. Today even in the absence of facetoface interactions and sabertoothed cats, emotional contagion is alive and thriving in the digital era on social media, much as it did on the grassy plains. The good news is that sensitive people can benefit from all the positive energy that.
Facebook s emotional contagion experiment as a challenge. Emotional contagion drives social media psychology today. Emotional contagion and empathy mit press scholarship. Mimicrybased emotion contagion and social appraisal currently provide the most. Barsade says that the experience led directly to her research into emotional contagion, the transfer of moods among people in a group. Jul 14, 2017 emotional contagion is the result of our own and others interpretations of thoughts and feelings. While early work focused on contagion between two people, in my article the ripple effect. The free expression by outward signs of an emotion intensifies it. Emotions serve to focus our attention on aspects of the world that help us thrive. But with a little awareness, we can inoculate ourselves against too many negative. This phenomenon, known as emotional contagion, is identified here, and compelling evidence for its effects is offered from a variety of disciplinessocial and developmental psychology, history, crosscultural psychology, experimental psychology, and psychopathology. The negative emotions i caught temporarily overwhelmed my. The authors propose a simple mechanism to account for the process of contagion. They provide information about our interior world and about our relationships.
Emotions can be shared across individuals in many different ways both implicitly or explicitly. Pdf emotional contagion is the phenomenon in which a person catches the. Facebook s emotional contagion experiment as a challenge to. These proceedings represent the work of researchers participating in the th international conference on cyber warfare and security iccws 2018 which is being hosted this year by the national defense university in washington dc, usa on 89 march 2018. Connecting minds and sharing emotions through mimicry. Emotional contagion describes the phenomenon of an automatic adoption of an emotional state of another person. Emotional contagion and its influence on group behavior authors. Group emotional contagion, the transfer of moods among people in a group, and its influence on work group dynamics was examined in a laboratory study of managerial decision making using multiple, convergent measures of mood, individual attitudes, behavior, and grouplevel dynamics. That seems to be the point of an article i read in the journal of services marketing 197, 2005, 438444 called the impact of service provider emotional intelligence on customer satisfaction, by sally kernback and nicolar schutte at the university of new england, in australia. Relatively little is known about the mechanisms for emotional contagion. I argue that some emotional responses to musics expressiveness involve emotional contagion. Sigal barsade, has found that the phenomenon plays a significant role in group dynamics as well.
Alternatively, you can download the pdf file directly to your computer, from where it can be opened using a pdf reader. Sigal barsade, administrative science quarterly, vol. That is, people may be induced to feel an emotion expressed in music as a result of attending to it. When someone tells you with a big smile that she passed an important test, you smile as well. Three studies n 1988 describe the development and validation of the emotional contagion ec scale, a 15item unidimensional measure of susceptibility to others emotions resulting from afferent feedback generated by mimicry. The emotional contagion scale is a survey that assesses how susceptible people are to catching others emotions. Most clinical and counseling psychologists have identified three distinct skills required in true empathy. The purpose of this study was to examine emotional contagion in the classroom. Though everyone is susceptible to emotional contagion, it is amplified in empaths and highly sensitive people. In closing, we summarize our model of emotional contagion in organizations, which we hope can serve as a catalyst. A model of emotional contagion this study focuses on emotional contagion, a process in. Experimental evidence of massivescale emotional contagion. Emotional responses usually our emotions are targeted at an object. Emotional contagion definition emotional contagion is the phenomenon that individuals tend to express and feel emotions that are similar to those of others.
Protect yourself from emotional contagion psychology today. Recently, scholars from a wide variety of disciplines, using a variety of scientific techniques, have begun to study the influence of attention, facial mimicry, and social context on emotional. While people generally dont act exactly identical to those around them, moods of. Eric ed447522 emotional contagion in the classroom.
Carvalho, in emotions, technology, and behaviors, 2016. Facebooks emotional contagion experiment as a challenge to. How to prevent emotional contagion see if you can watch this popular video clip without feeling good. Pdf emotional contagion in organizational life researchgate. Bhullars 2012b study found that greater susceptibility to emotional contagion for the love subscale was observed in. Emotional contagion and other emotional effects interested barsade because they helped explain phenomena that, on the surface, may not seem rational. How seducers use emotional contagion to attract girls chase. A childs caregivers really are contagious to their children, and this mood contagion can either be enriching or toxic, thanks to a principle referred to as emotional contagion. By the 1700s, researchers began to discover that people mirror the smiles and frowns they see on someone elses face. The mean emotional susceptibility score of women was higher than of men, t282. Group emotional contagion, the transfer of moods among people in a group. Experimental evidence of massivescale emotional contagion through social networks adam d.
In 2002, sigal barsade of yale university examined the effect of emotional contagion within the group context. If, on the other hand, your friend tells you his father passed away last. Emotional contagion and customer satisfaction daniel goleman. Its almost impossible not to be influenced by the joyful emotions. A potent but underdiscussed phenomenon in the fields of socializing and seduction is that of emotional contagion, the tendency for emotions between two or more people to converge emotional contagion is the foundation of frame control, and is of vital importance too in creating sexual tension and social pressure, in remaining in command of yourself and others in high pressure situations, and. Article information, pdf download for the ripple effect.
As the negativity spread, it drained the energy of our team and the company as a whole. Second, emotional contagion is a process that can occur at the automaticsubconscious level, as is largely the case for primitive emotional contagion hat. If you have access to a journal via a society or association membership, please browse to your society journal, select an article to view, and follow the instructions in this box. The relationship between emotional contagion and mood state. Emotional contagion matters nano tools for leaders. The impact of emotional contagion and its relationship to. Facebook s emotional contagion experiment as a challenge to research ethics. The science of emotional contagion goes back to 400 b.
Study 2 finds susceptibility a positively related to reactivity, emotionality, sensitivity to. Article information, pdf download for intragroup emotion. For instance, conscious reasoning, analysis and imagination have all been found to contribute to the phenomenon. Recently, scholars from a wide variety of disciplines, using a variety of scientific techniques, have begun to study the influence of attention, facial mimicry, and social context on emotional contagion. A study of emotional contagion with virtual characters. Protect yourself from emotional contagion whether its joy or anger, were wired to catch and spread emotions. In social psychology, emotional contagion describes the widely observed phenomenon of one persons emotions mimicking surrounding peoples emotions 10. Leveraging the wealth of research insights generated over the past 25 years, we develop a model of emotional contagion in organizational life.
Emotional contagion and its influence on group behavior. Emotional contagion an overview sciencedirect topics. Emotional contagion our own emotions and feelings can be impacted significantly by the emotions of others we encounter. Darwin7 argued that emotional experience should be profoundly affected by feedback from the facial muscles. Primitive emotional contagion scholars from a variety of disciplinesneuroscience, biology, social psychology, sociology, and lifespan psychologyhave proposed that primitive emotional contagion is of critical importance in understanding human cognition, emotion, and behavior. Scholars from various disciplines, including sociology, biology. Study 1 assesses the ec scales reliability cronbachs. Emotional contagion, the transfer of emotion between individuals, and its influence on work group dynamics was examined in two managerial simulations using multiple, convergent measures of emotions and group dynamics. Catching feelings emotional contagion and your team. The most influential account is primitive efference zajonc, 1998 notably that we mimic others emotional expressions and, through facial feedback, come to experience the same emotions ourselves hatfield et al. At the medium level of ei, the clerk was able to perceive, express and understand the emotions, but was poor at managing.
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